Saturday 11 July 2020

Beyond the Elephant


Don’t think of an elephant !

Come on, you’re not really trying. Have another go. Don’t think of an elephant !

Mm. Better. All right, does this help?

This is not an elephant. This is Dinky, a piano-playing dingo from central Australia who has performed on Piccadilly Radio, Manchester.

 
Did that make it easier for you? I hope so. And then there’s the elephant in the room. Don’t think of him either. While trying not to think of that particular elephant, or of any elephant, please accept the observation that this noble beast has a peculiar and very valuable role to play in communication. Perhaps you will agree that the elephant deserves better recognition as an informational asset, and should be awarded his own symbol, an emoticon or similar, to indicate when he is in the room. Though such a device would itself, of course, for reasons of safety as well as of propriety, have to be invisible.

Meanwhile, can we please have some silence. OK.

“There was a time when there was nothing at all, nothing at all, just a distant hum”. Recognise it? Part of the lyric of a song called “Hide and Seek” by Howard Jones, who once upon a time performed on Piccadilly Radio, Manchester. 

Nothing at all. A distant hum. Silence. The sound of silence. A bear farting in the forest while Bishop Berkeley was lying unconscious after a tree that he hadn’t heard fell on him. Mains hum. The pulsing of blood in the ears. Deafness. Beethoven’s deafness. It’s getting louder all the time, isn’t it. The silences in Beethoven’s later works. The silence between. Meaningful silence. Louder, please. Ludwig, are you there? Da da da da. Morse V. V for Victory. We shall catch it on the beaches. 

Noise out of silence; something out of nothing. Meaning out of meaninglessness.

Oh, get on with it. 

The hazardous nature of modern information handling was brought home to me unintentionally the other day by a very good friend, to whom I had mentioned, without elaboration, my virtual band, The Catford Tendency. This august institution, whose illustrious, rhodium disc-awarded, stadium-filling history extends back into the mists of time, has no web presence as such, and is known only to my immediate family and a few friends. Sufficiently intrigued to conduct a search, evidently, and presumably via the default method, my friend unearthed a reference to “Catford’s tendency”, from an obscure journal, relating to John Catford, who founded a school of linguistics in Edinburgh and was a noted expert on phonetics. And, seemingly, had tendencies.

Oh dear. Not right at all. What’s known in the trade as a false drop, a factoid that bears no relation to the truth, an inappropriate Venn overlap, a Boolean blunder, an illusion of knowledge. The “Catford” in The Catford Tendency is London S.E.6 and the “Tendency” was inspired by the name of a militant organisation a few decades back. Like the names of all musical groups it is both deliberate and arbitrary, and is so named for perfectly good reasons that I won’t go into. 

How often do we retrieve nonsense? How often do we realise it is nonsense? Well, at this very moment, probably you do.

Google, assuming that was the search tool invoked, works (to the extent that anyone knows, and to put it simplistically), by measuring the statistical proximity of terms. The more that people use those terms together, in their searching, and the more they co-occur in the documents retrieved, the stronger is the assumption of a valid semantic link. From the adjacency of words Google builds up a simulation of knowledge, mostly very plausibly so, and sufficiently so that it can make a pretty good go at “understanding" what something means. It’s all about association, and mostly it works well. Whole subject areas can be fabricated thus, and texts translated quite well into other languages. Occasionally it doesn’t get things right, and when it fails, it reveals, just for a moment, a vertigo-inducing image of a whole cyber-can of worms. That’s what happened to me the other day.

Unlike older, pre-millennial “text retrieval” systems, which depended upon laborious human indexing of selected vocabulary items and not on automatic full term indexing, today’s search engines have no sense of meaning. Well, of course, they’re just pieces of software, they have no sense of anything. They are entirely computational, mathematical, semantically blind, associating away there in the dark. Human indexers would compile a thesaurus (later generally known as a taxonomy) of broader, narrower, and synonymous terms. Their method was based on meaning, on human understanding, and on the classification of knowledge developed over many years by librarians and others. Google doesn’t employ knowledge in the same way. Given its central role in so many activities I sometimes find this pretty scary. Corporate foundations built in Silicon Valley, intellectual foundations built on sand.

This means that (even in its entirely non-conscious way) Google will never “get” a joke, or appreciate wordplay or a remote allusion. It doesn’t do meaning, it just computes statistical usages and associations. It wouldn’t, for instance, realise that there is absolutely no reasonable relevant connection between a synthesiser-friendly 1980s popstar with spiky hair and a wild antipodean pooch howling and plonking randomly on an old, beat-up, stand-up piano far away in the dusty outback west of Alice - although it might pull out “Piccadilly Radio, Manchester” as a commonality (something which we might be able to use creatively, admittedly). Nor would it “get” the Holmesian dog that didn’t bark in the night. What is extremely interesting is that it wouldn’t index the elephant in the room. For obvious reasons it won’t even know it’s there.

In various parts of the world there is currently much concern over freedom of speech. Dreadful fates await those who say the wrong thing or harbour ”incorrect thought”. Abuse, trolling, hate campaigns, physical assault, dismissal from post, withdrawal of funding, censorship, de-platforming, arrest, torture, and being “disappeared” are among possible outcomes according to where one lives. People want to say things but are afraid to. Many people want to say the same things. We live in frightening, self-righteous, unfunny, unforgiving and illiberal times where so often the rules of tolerance are set by the congenitally intolerant and enshrined in convenient spur-of-the-moment legislation. Hastily airbrushed legacies, instant wisdom, hysterical historical rewrites, Bebelplatz revisited, the Heinrich Heine warning trotted out once more. “Ah, but it’s different this time”. ‘Course it is. It always is.

The worse things get, there will be more elephants seeking room-space, elephants of many different shapes and sizes and colours and styles. We will need to be better able to create, identify and “read” them, as projections thrust up into mental space. To paint elephants in the sky will become a necessary skill, perhaps like those Dalinian beasts with surreally spindly legs, hovering and hallucinatory in cognitive space; we will need to learn how to see them, to know what they mean, and to share them with others. Like elaborate Joycean multilingual puns (James, that is, not William), and as demonstrated by many writers, artists and musicians, we need to be able to project multiple allusions to a point where they focus and intersect, a point whence an exact meaning is extractable. Intersections where the fringes of ideas, the haloes of sounds and the outer suburbs of verbal connotations conjoin silently to say something precise and legible to those who have learned how. All free from the censor, since there is nothing there to remove; all free from the algorithms of the search engine, since there is nothing to index; all free from the secret policeman, since there is no evidence, not even encrypted evidence. But – like the wise old elephant in the room – there all the same. Massively there. Free.

We see already, in certain unhappy parts of the world, how the oppressed are resorting to non-linguistic codes and symbols, abandoning the potentially self-condemnatory traces of electronics or written texts for the transient, the semiotically offbeat, the irregular and the allusive. To transmit meaning reliably but without the usual indicators of what it is actually about. To erect multilevel cognitive edifices significant to intended recipients but indeterminate to the ambient enemy. To create sense out of nonsense and messages out of silence. While persecution because of a desire for freedom of speech is nothing new, today’s everyday technologies leave readily traceable and permanent accusatory footprints. Ironic, wouldn’t it be, that – in our informationally intense societies, in our gadget riddled lives - in order to communicate while remaining free we should retreat from the definite, recoil from the word, abandon the recordable signal, subvert conventional language,  and learn to express ourselves in varieties of silence. For now, though, we need to return to the elephant. 

This is The Elephant. He himself is towards the right of the picture.



If you keep going for five or six miles you’ll develop a tendency to reach Catford. Good luck.

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